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تأثیر کم آبیاری و نوع بستر کشت بر کارایی مصرف آب و برخی ویژگی های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاه شب بو | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 24، شماره 1، فروردین 1401، صفحه 115-124 اصل مقاله (438.07 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2021.323429.2551 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| بهزاد آزادگان* 1؛ رضا کوهستانی2؛ محمود مشعل1 | ||
| 1دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران. | ||
| 2دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی و هم‌چنین کارایی مصرف آب گیاه شب‌بو در شرایط کم‌آبیاری و انواع بسترهای کشت بود. به همین منظور، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1398-1397 در گلخانه تحقیقاتی پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل چهار بستر کشت (پرلیت، پرلیت+ کود دامی غنی‌شده، پرلیت+ زئولیت، پرلیت+ ورمی‌کمپوست) و سه تیمار کم‌آبیاری (آبیاری 100 درصد (شاهد)، کم‌آبیاری 75 درصد نیاز آبی، و کم‌آبیاری 50 درصد نیاز آبی) بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر بستر کشت بر روی ارتفاع گیاه، قطر ساقه، سطح برگ، وزن تر و خشک ریشه، وزن تر و خشک گیاه و هم‌چنین کارایی مصرف آب در سطح یک درصد معنی‌دار بود و بستر مخلوط پرلیت و ورمی‌کمپوست منجر به بهبود این صفات می‌شد. هم‌چنین، تیمار کم‌آبیاری شدید (50 درصد) دارای اثرات منفی بر روی پارامترهای رشد گیاه از جمله وزن تر و قطر ریشه بود، درحالی‌که تیمار کم‌آبیاری در سطح 75 درصد اثر مخرب بر روی گیاه نداشته و باعث افزایش معنی‌دار کارایی مصرف آب در سطح یک درصد شد. به‌طوری‌که بستر مخلوط پرلیت و ورمی‌کمپوست با تیمار کم‌آبیاری 75 درصد، کارایی مصرف آب را در حدود 8/1 برابر نسبت به شاهد در بستر پرلیت افزایش داد. با توجه به کاهش کیفیت ویژگی‌های رشدی محصول در کم‌آبیاری شدید (50 درصد)، تولید این گیاه در شرایط کم‌آبیاری 75 درصد نیاز آبی پیشنهاد می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پرلیت؛ زئولیت؛ کلروفیل؛ نیاز آبی؛ ورمی کمپوست | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Low Irrigation and Type of Culture Medium on Water Use Efficiency and Some Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of the Stock Plant | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Behzad Azadegan1؛ Reza Kouhestani2؛ Mahmoud Mashal1 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran | ||
| 2Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Water Engineering, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study aims at investigating morphological and physiological characteristics as well as water use efficiency of the stock plant in various low irrigation treatments and culture media. For so doing, a research has been conducted in the form of split plots with a completely randomized block design with three replications in the crop year 2018-2019 in the research greenhouse of the College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran. The treatments include four culture media (perlite, perlite + enriched manure, perlite + zeolite, and perlite + vermicompost) and three low irrigation levels (100% (control), 75%, and 50% of water needs). Results indicate the significant effects (P < 0.01) of culture medium on plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, root fresh and dry weight, plant fresh and dry weight, as well as water use efficiency, and the perlite + vermicompost media improves all these traits. Moreover, severe irrigation treatment (50%) has had negative effects on plant growth parameters, i.e., root fresh weight and diameter, while irrigation at 75% of water needs does not have any undesirable effect on plants, significantly increasing water use efficiency (P < 0.01). The perlite + vermicompost with 75% low irrigation treatment increases the water use efficiency by about 1.8 times, compared to the control in the perlite culture media. Due to the decrease in the quality of growth characteristics in severe low irrigation treatments (50%), this plant’s production is recommended in irrigation at 75% of the water needs. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Chlorophyll, Perlite, Vermicompost, Water need, Zeolite | ||
| مراجع | ||
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