پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 161 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 6,532 |
| تعداد مقالات | 70,501 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 124,099,630 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 97,207,035 |
تأثیر کم آبیاری و نوع بستر کشت بر کارایی مصرف آب و برخی ویژگی های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاه شب بو | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 24، شماره 1، فروردین 1401، صفحه 115-124 اصل مقاله (438.07 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2021.323429.2551 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| بهزاد آزادگان* 1؛ رضا کوهستانی2؛ محمود مشعل1 | ||
| 1دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران. | ||
| 2دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی و هم‌چنین کارایی مصرف آب گیاه شب‌بو در شرایط کم‌آبیاری و انواع بسترهای کشت بود. به همین منظور، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1398-1397 در گلخانه تحقیقاتی پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل چهار بستر کشت (پرلیت، پرلیت+ کود دامی غنی‌شده، پرلیت+ زئولیت، پرلیت+ ورمی‌کمپوست) و سه تیمار کم‌آبیاری (آبیاری 100 درصد (شاهد)، کم‌آبیاری 75 درصد نیاز آبی، و کم‌آبیاری 50 درصد نیاز آبی) بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر بستر کشت بر روی ارتفاع گیاه، قطر ساقه، سطح برگ، وزن تر و خشک ریشه، وزن تر و خشک گیاه و هم‌چنین کارایی مصرف آب در سطح یک درصد معنی‌دار بود و بستر مخلوط پرلیت و ورمی‌کمپوست منجر به بهبود این صفات می‌شد. هم‌چنین، تیمار کم‌آبیاری شدید (50 درصد) دارای اثرات منفی بر روی پارامترهای رشد گیاه از جمله وزن تر و قطر ریشه بود، درحالی‌که تیمار کم‌آبیاری در سطح 75 درصد اثر مخرب بر روی گیاه نداشته و باعث افزایش معنی‌دار کارایی مصرف آب در سطح یک درصد شد. به‌طوری‌که بستر مخلوط پرلیت و ورمی‌کمپوست با تیمار کم‌آبیاری 75 درصد، کارایی مصرف آب را در حدود 8/1 برابر نسبت به شاهد در بستر پرلیت افزایش داد. با توجه به کاهش کیفیت ویژگی‌های رشدی محصول در کم‌آبیاری شدید (50 درصد)، تولید این گیاه در شرایط کم‌آبیاری 75 درصد نیاز آبی پیشنهاد می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پرلیت؛ زئولیت؛ کلروفیل؛ نیاز آبی؛ ورمی کمپوست | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Low Irrigation and Type of Culture Medium on Water Use Efficiency and Some Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of the Stock Plant | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Behzad Azadegan1؛ Reza Kouhestani2؛ Mahmoud Mashal1 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran | ||
| 2Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Water Engineering, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study aims at investigating morphological and physiological characteristics as well as water use efficiency of the stock plant in various low irrigation treatments and culture media. For so doing, a research has been conducted in the form of split plots with a completely randomized block design with three replications in the crop year 2018-2019 in the research greenhouse of the College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran. The treatments include four culture media (perlite, perlite + enriched manure, perlite + zeolite, and perlite + vermicompost) and three low irrigation levels (100% (control), 75%, and 50% of water needs). Results indicate the significant effects (P < 0.01) of culture medium on plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, root fresh and dry weight, plant fresh and dry weight, as well as water use efficiency, and the perlite + vermicompost media improves all these traits. Moreover, severe irrigation treatment (50%) has had negative effects on plant growth parameters, i.e., root fresh weight and diameter, while irrigation at 75% of water needs does not have any undesirable effect on plants, significantly increasing water use efficiency (P < 0.01). The perlite + vermicompost with 75% low irrigation treatment increases the water use efficiency by about 1.8 times, compared to the control in the perlite culture media. Due to the decrease in the quality of growth characteristics in severe low irrigation treatments (50%), this plant’s production is recommended in irrigation at 75% of the water needs. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Chlorophyll, Perlite, Vermicompost, Water need, Zeolite | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abad, M., Noguera, P., Puchades, R., Maquieira, A., & Noguera, V. (2002). Physico-chemical and chemical properties of some coconut coir dusts for use as a peat substitute for containerised ornamental plants. Bioresource Technology, 82(3), 241-245. Abedinpour, M., & Roohani, E. (2019). Effect of Nano-Iron Fertilizer and Magnetized Water on Soybean Grain Yield and Water Productivity in Drip Irrigation. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 50(2), 287-296. Ahmadi Saraeilani, A., Mashal, M., Azadegan, B., & Kamali, P. (2020). Field evaluation of the effect of two superabsorbent polymers A200 and Stakosorb on hydraulic performance in furrow irrigation. Water and Irrigation Management, 10(2), 173-187 (In Persian). Asefpour Vakilian, K. (2020). Machine learning improves our knowledge about miRNA functions towards plant abiotic stresses. Scientific Reports, 10, 3041. Azimi, S., khoshravesh, M., darzi, A., Abedinpour, M. (2018). Effects of Hydrogel and Vermicompost on Water Use Efficiency of Wheat. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 32(1), 29-40. Belviso, C. (2020). Zeolite for potential toxic metal uptake from contaminated soil: a brief review. Processes, 8(7), 820. Campitelli, P., & Ceppi, S. (2008). Effects of composting technologies on the chemical and physicochemical properties of humic acids. Geoderma, 144(1-2), 325-333. Fascella, G., Agnello, S., Maggiore, P., Zizzo, G., & Guarino, L. (2009). Effect of controlled irrigation methods using climatic parameters on yield and quality of hydroponic cut roses. In V International Symposium on Rose Research and Cultivation 870 (pp. 65-72). Ganjeali, A., Kafi, M., & Sabet Teimouri, M. (2010). Variations of root and shoot physiological indices in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in response to drought stress. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 3(1), 35-45 (In Persian). Hazrati, S., Tahmasebi-Sarvestani, Z., Mokhtassi-Bidgoli, A., Modarres-Sanavy, S. A. M., Mohammadi, H., & Nicola, S. (2017). Effects of zeolite and water stress on growth, yield and chemical compositions of Aloe vera L. Agricultural Water Management, 181, 66-72. He, Z. L., Calvert, D. V., Alva, A. K., Li, Y. C., & Banks, D. J. (2002). Clinoptilolite zeolite and cellulose amendments to reduce ammonia volatilization in a calcareous sandy soil. Plant and Soil, 247(2), 253-260. Jafari, N., Aghayari, F., & Paknejad, F. (2018). Effect of Different Deficit-Irrigation Methods on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Wheat (Parsi Cultivar). Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 12(48), 581-598. Jafari, S., & Hashemi Garmdareh, S. E. (2019). Effects of salinity on morpho-physiological, and biochemical characteristics of stock plant (Matthiola incana L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 257, 108731. Jafari, S., Hashemi Garmdareh, S. E., & Azadegan, B. (2019). Effects of drought stress on morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of stock plant (Matthiola incana L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 253, 128-133. Jakkula, V. S., & Wani, S. P. (2018). Zeolites: Potential soil amendments for improving nutrient and water use efficiency and agriculture productivity. Scientific Reviews & Chemical Communications, 8(1), 1-15. Lwin, C. S., Seo, B. H., Kim, H. U., Owens, G., & Kim, K. R. (2018). Application of soil amendments to contaminated soils for heavy metal immobilization and improved soil quality-a critical review. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 64(2), 156-167. Mashal, M., Varavypour, M., Sadatnouri, S. A., & Zare Z. E. (2009), Optimizing consumptive water depth for corn by deficit-irrigation (Case study: Varamin area). Agricultural Research, 8(4), 123-134 (In Persian). Oka, Y. (2010). Mechanisms of nematode suppression by organic soil amendments—a review. Applied Soil Ecology, 44(2), 101-115. Ramesh, K., & Reddy, D. D. (2011). Zeolites and their potential uses in agriculture. Advances in Agronomy, 113, 219-241. Safarian, A., & Abdolshahi, R. (2014). Study the inheritance of water use efficiency in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) under drought stress condition. Journal of Crop Production, 7(1), 181-199. (In Persian) Saremi, M., Farhadi, B., Maleki, A., & Farasati, M. (2015). Determination the crop coefficient and water requirement of lentil, using water balance method (Case study: Khorram Abad). Iranian Journal Pulses Research, 6(2), 87-98. Schie, W. V. (1997). Standardization of substrates. In International Symposium on Growing Media and Hydroponics 481 (pp. 71-78). Shinohara, Y., Hata, T., Maruo, T., Hohjo, M., & Ito, T. (1997). Chemical and physical properties of the coconut-fiber substrate and the growth and productivity of tomato (Lycopercicon esculentum Mill.) plants. In International Symposium on Growing Media and Hydroponics 481, 145-150. Taheri, H., Soltani Mohammadi, A., & Alemzadeh Ansari, N. (2017). Effects of superabsorbent polymer on the number and leaf area of lettuce under drought stress. Journal of Water Science & Engineering, 7(15), 71-80 (In Persian). Taylor, M., Clarke, W. P., & Greenfield, P. F. (2003). The treatment of domestic wastewater using small-scale vermicompost filter beds. Ecological Engineering, 21(2-3), 197-203. Tognetti, C., Laos, F., Mazzarino, M.J., & Hernandez, M.T. (2005). Composting vs. vermicomposting: a comparison of end product quality. Compost Science & Utilization, 13(1), 6-13. Ullah, H., Santiago-Arenas, R., Ferdous, Z., Attia, A., & Datta, A. (2019). Improving water use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, and radiation use efficiency in field crops under drought stress: A review. Advances in Agronomy, 156, 109-157. Vafabakhsh, J., Nassiri Mahallati, M., Kouchaki, A., & Azizi, M. (2009). Effects of water deficit on water use efficiency and yield of Canola cultivars (Brassica napus L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 7(1), 295-302 (In Persian). Zabihi, A., Darzi-Nafchali, A., & Khoshravesh, M. (2017). Analysing drought stress effects on yield and water use efficiency of rice and the root zone salinity. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 9(4), 375-385 (In Persian). Zoratipour, E., Soltani Mohammadi, A., & Alemzadeh Ansari, N. (2019). Evaluation of yield and water productivity of lettuce under drought and salinity stress in greenhouse conditions. Iranian Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 13(2), 450-461 (In Persian). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 315 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 256 |
||