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پهنهبندی سواحل سیستان و بلوچستان براساس حساسیتسنجی محیطزیستی | ||
نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی | ||
دوره 75، شماره 1، خرداد 1401، صفحه 49-63 اصل مقاله (1.01 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jne.2022.336323.2360 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مریم یعقوب زاده* 1؛ افشین دانه کار2؛ منیر حقیقت3؛ مجید مشهدی رفیعی4؛ سعید لطفی خواه5 | ||
1گروه محیطزیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران | ||
2گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
3کارشناس مدیریت سواحل، اداره کل مهندسی سواحل و بنادر، سازمان بنادر و دریانوردی | ||
4کارشناس سنجش از دور و GIS، مهندسین مشاور سازه پردازی ایران | ||
5کارشناس مهندسی و مدیریت سواحل، مهندسین مشاور سازه پردازی ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
در این پژوهش به منظور تعیین مناطق حساس محیطزیستی سواحل استان سیستان وبلوچستان، ابتدا فهرست اولیة معیارهای تعیین مناطق حساس ساحلی در دو گروه اکولوژیک و انسانی در دو ناحیة ساحلی و کرانه ای-دریایی شناسایی و سپس پرسشنامه ای تهیه و روایی کیفی و کمی آن تعیین شد. فهرست نهایی معیارها به روش دلفی و تعیین وزن آن ها با روش تحلیل سلسلهمراتبی انجام شد. پس از تهیه لایه هر یک از معیارها، رویهمگذاری آن ها براساس تجمیع فصل مشترک معیارهای مورد استفاده در هر یک از زمینه های اکولوژیک و انسانی انجام و پنج طبقة حساسیت برای آن در نظر گرفته شد. سپس براساس یک ماتریس تصمیم گیری و طبقه بندی صورت گرفته برای حساسیت اکولوژیک و انسانی، وضعیت نهایی حساسیت محیطزیست منطقه ساحلی تعیین شد. نتایج پهنهبندی مناطق حساس اکولوژیک نشان داد طبقة حساسیت خیلی زیاد 24/8 درصد از خشکی و 1/9 درصد از مساحت دریا در منطقه ساحلی را به خود اختصاص می دهد. بیشترین سطح طبقة حساسیت انسانی نیز در هر دو منطقة ساحل و دریا در طبقه حساسیت خیلی کم قرار دارد. براساس نتایج حاصل از ماتریس تحلیل وضعیت محیطزیست، بیشترین سطح حساسیت محیطزیستی در طبقه حساسیت ضعیف و پس از آن در طبقه حساسیت شدید قرار دارد. با توجه به اینکه در محدودة مطالعه، تاکنون اقدامات مراقبتی و ملاحظات توسعه به تفکیک سه حساسیت اکولوژیک، انسانی و محیطزیستی مورد بررسی قرار نگرفته و این مطالعه بهعنوان اولین مطالعه ای است که به این موضوع پرداخته است، اقدامات و ملاحظات مربوط به این مناطق برای استفاده در برنامه مدیریت محیطزیست منطقه ساحلی پیشنهاد شد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
حساسیت محیطزیستی؛ محیطزیست ساحلی؛ ناحیه ساحلی؛ پهنهندی سواحل؛ سیستان و بلوچستان | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Coastal Zoning of Sistan and Baluchestan Base on Environmental Sensitivity | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Maryam Yaghoubzadeh1؛ Afshin Danehkar2؛ Monir Haghighat3؛ Majid Mashhadi Rafiee4؛ Saeed Lotfikhah5 | ||
1Department of Environmental Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran | ||
2Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
3Coastal Management expert, Ports and maritime organization, Coastal and port engineering department | ||
4RS and GIS expert, Sazeh Pardazi Iran Consulting Engineers | ||
5Coastal Engineering and Management expert, Sazeh Pardazi Iran Consulting Engineers | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In this study, for determination of environmental coastal sensitive areas in Sistan and Baluchestan province (Iran), the initial list of ecological and human criteria were identified in coastal and shore areas. Based on the identified criteria, a questionnaire was prepared and its qualitative and quantitative validities were determined. The final list of criteria and their weight achieved using Delphi and AHP method respectively. After preparing the criteria map (in ArcGIS software), both ecological and human weights aggregate individually during the overlaying process; and five sensitivity classes achieved. By using a decision-making matrix and the classification of ecological and human sensitivity map, final status of coastal environmental was determined. Results of the ecological zoning showed that 24.8% of land and 1.9 % of shore area were included in very high sensitivity class; and the widest range of human sensitivity (in both coastal and shore areas) was placed in very low sensitivity class. Based on the results of status analysis matrix, the weak and intensive classes of environmental sensitivity have the largest area, respectively. Considering that in this study area, care measures and development considerations have not been studied separately in three ecological, human and environmental sensitivities and this research is the first study, which has addressed this issue; the measures and considerations related to these areas, proposed for use in the Coastal Management Environmental Management Program (CEMO). | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Environmental sensitivity, Coastal environment, Coastal area, Coastal zoning, Sistan and baluchestan | ||
مراجع | ||
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