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ارزیابی ریسک اکولوژیک و سلامت عناصر سمی در خاک‌های سطحی اطراف مناطق صنعتی اردکان | ||
| نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی | ||
| دوره 76، شماره 3، مهر 1402، صفحه 447-461 اصل مقاله (1.47 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jne.2023.353268.2512 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ابوالفضل عارفی اردکانی1؛ غلامرضا سیاحتی اردکانی1؛ نرجس اکاتی* 2؛ محمدحسین صیادی3 | ||
| 1گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان یزد. ایران. | ||
| 2گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه زابل. زابل، ایران. | ||
| 3گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| آلودگی خاک به عناصر سمی، نگرانی بزرگ محیط‌زیستی است. استقرار کارخانه‌های فولاد و گندله سازی در حاشیة شهر اردکان احتمال انتشار آلاینده های مختلف به ویژه فلزات سمی را در این منطقه افزایش داده است. هدف از این پژوهش، ارزیابی میزان آلودگی به عناصر سمی در خاک های سطحی اطراف مناطق صنعتی شهر اردکان با استفاده از فاکتورهای غنی شدگی (EF)، پتانسیل ریسک اکولوژیک (PERI) و ریسک سلامت از طریق سه مسیر بلع، تنفس و جذب پوستی بود. در این تحقیق 12 نمونه خاک سطحی از 12 ایستگاه به روش سیستماتیک تصادفی جمع آوری شد. غلظت عناصر سمی سرب، آرسنیک، نیکل و کادمیوم در نمونه ها با استفاده از دستگاه ICP-OESاندازه گیری شد. میانگین غلظت عناصر به‌ترتیب: نیکل (46/75)، سرب (36/16)، آرسنیک (9/25) و کادمیوم (0/34) میکروگرم بر گرم به دست آمد. متوسط ضریب غنی شدگی (EF) برای عناصر به صورت الگویPb >Ni>Cd>As بود. براساس شاخص پتانسیل خطر اکولوژیک (PERI)، ایستگاه های 9 و 11 آلودگی متوسط و سایر ایستگاه ها آلودگی کم را نشان دادند. نتایج ارزیابی ریسک سلامت براساس مقدار ضریب خطر (HQ) برای تمامی عناصر از سه طریق بلع، تنفس و جذب پوستی کمتر از یک به‌دست آمد که نمی تواند نشان دهندة احتمال وجود پتانسیل خطر غیر‌سرطان زایی باشد. ریسک سرطان زایی برای بزرگسالان از طریق بلع، تنفس و جذب پوستی در همة ایستگاه های نمونه برداری برای عنصر سرب در محدودة قابل چشم پوشی بود؛ اما برای عناصر نیکل و آرسنیک از مسیرهای بلع و جذب پوستی و در مورد کادمیوم از مسیر بلع، احتمال خطر برای سرطان زایی وجود داشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| خاک؛ شاخص پتانسیل ریسک اکولوژیک؛ ضریب خطر؛ عناصر سمی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Ecological and health risk assessment of toxic elements in surface soils around Ardakan industrial areas | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Abolfazl Arefi Ardakani1؛ Gholamreza Siyahati Ardakani1؛ Narjes Okati2؛ Mohammad Hossein Sayadi3 | ||
| 1Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Environment , Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran. | ||
| 3Department of Environment, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Sources, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Soil contamination with toxic elements is a major environmental concern. The establishment of steel and pellet factories in the outskirts of Ardakan city has increased the possibility of various pollutants, especially toxic elements, in this area. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the level of contamination with toxic elements in the surface soils around the industrial areas of Ardakan using enrichment factors (EF), ecological risk potential (PERI) and health risk through the three routes of ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. In this research, 12 topsoil samples were collected from 12 stations by systematic random method. The concentration of toxic elements Pb, As, Ni and Cd in the samples were measured using ICP-OES device. The average concentration of elements was found to be: Ni (46.75), Pb (36.16), As (9.25) and Cd (0.34) µg/g. The average enrichment factor (EF) for elements was Pb>Ni>Cd>As. Based on the potential ecological risk index (PERI), stations 9 and 11 showed moderate pollution and other stations showed low pollution. The results of health risk assessment based on the hazard quotient (HQ) were lower than one for all elements from three ways of ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption, which cannot indicate the possibility of non-carcinogenic risk potential. The risk of carcinogenesis for adults through ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption in all sampling stations for Pb was negligible; but for Ni and As from ingestion and skin absorption, and for Cd from ingestion, there was a risk of carcinogenesis. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Hazard Quotient, Potential Ecological Risk Index, Soil, Toxic elements | ||
| مراجع | ||
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