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تاثیر کلسیم در کاهش عارضه پفی شدن میوه نارنگی ساتسوما رقم سوجییاما (Citrus unshiu 'Sugiyama') | ||
علوم باغبانی ایران | ||
دوره 54، شماره 1، فروردین 1402، صفحه 157-173 اصل مقاله (1.82 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijhs.2023.339145.2003 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
علی اسدی کنگرشاهی* 1؛ نگین اخلاقی امیری2 | ||
1بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران. | ||
2بخش علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
به منظور بررسی وضعیت پفی شدن در نارنگیهای ساتسوما در شرق مازندران و تأثیر نیترات کلسیم بر کیفیت و پفی شدن میوه درختان نارنگی ساتسوما (سوجییاما) دو آزمایش مجزا انجام شد. در آزمایش اول میزان عارضه پفی شدن میوه نارنگی انشوی سوجییاما در باغهای مختلف منطقه شرق مازندران مقایسه شد. در آزمایش دوم محلولپاشی نیترات کلسیم با غلظت 5 در هزار، در یک باغ تجاری نارنگی انشوی سوجییاما با پایه نارنج در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با شش تیمار و چهار تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل: .T1 شاهد (بدون مصرف کلسیم)؛ .T2 محلولپاشی نیترات کلسیم در اواسط خردادماه؛ .T3 محلولپاشی نیترات کلسیم در اوایل تیرماه؛ .T4 محلولپاشی نیترات کلسیم در اواخر تیرماه؛ .T5 محلولپاشی نیترات کلسیم در اواسط خردادماه و اوایل تیرماه؛ .T6 محلولپاشی نیترات کلسیم در اواسط خردادماه، اوایل و اواخر تیرماه) بودند. نتایج آزمایش اول نشان داد که درصد میوههای پفی شده در باغهای مناطق مختلف از 27 تا 46 درصد متغیر بود و تعداد میوههای پفی شده از اواخر مهرماه به طور قابل ملاحظهای شروع به افزایش نمودند. نتایج آزمایش دوم نشان داد که محلولپاشی کلسیم در تیمار 5 (اواسط خرداد و اوایل تیر) و تیمار 6 (اواسط خرداد، اوایل و اواخر تیرماه) تاثیر معنیداری بر کاهش تعداد میوههای پفی داشت، به طوری که تعداد آنها حدود 20 درصد نسبت به شاهد کاهش یافت، اما موجب رفع کامل این ناهنجاری نشد. همچنین، محلولپاشی کلسیم تاثیر معنیداری بر غلظت کلسیم میوه داشت. بیشترین غلظت کلسیم، در کل میوه، پوست میوه، و پوست داخلی (آلبدو) در تیمارهای 5 و 6 مشاهده شد. بنابراین، محلولپاشی کلسیم حداقل دو بار (اواسط خرداد و اوایل تیر) و حداکثر سه بار (اواسط خرداد، اوایل و اواخر تیرماه) در باغهای دارای عارضه پفی شدن توصیه میشود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
پوست میوه؛ کلسیم؛ مرکبات؛ ناهنجاری فیزیولوژیکی | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
The Effect of Calcium in the Fruit Puffiness Reduction of Satsuma Mandarin (Citrus unshiu 'Sugiyama') | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Ali Asadi kangarshahi1؛ Negin Akhlaghi Amiri2 | ||
1Department of Soil and Water Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultuarl and Nutural Resources Research and Education, AREEO, Sari, Iran. | ||
2Agronomy and Horticultural Science Department, Mazandaran Agricultuarl and Nutural Resources Research and Education, AREEO, Sari, Iran. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In order to investigate the fruit puffiness status and the effect of calcium nitrate spray on quality and puffiness of Satsuma mandarin fruit, two separate experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, the puffing rate of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu 'Sugiyama') fruit in different orchards in the eastern region of Mazandaran was compared. In the second experiment, the effect of calcium nitrate application as foliar spray on reduction of fruit puffines was examined. The experiment was performed in a commercial orchard, with sour orange rootstock, based on a randomized complete block design, with six treatments and four replications. Treatments included: T1. Control (no Calcium nitrate spray); T2. Calcium nitrate spray in late May; T3. Calcium nitrate spray in mid- June; T4. Calcium nitrate spray in early July; T5. Calcium nitrate spray in late May and mid- June; T6. Calcium nitrate spray in late May, mid- June and early July. The results of the first experiment showed that the percentage of puffed fruits in the orchards of different regions varied from 27 to 46%, and the number of puffed fruits increased significantly from the early of November. The results obtained from the second experiment indicated that calcium nitrate spray in T5 (late May and mid- June) and T6 (late May, mid- June and early July) treatments had a significant effect on puffiness, so that the number of puffy fruits reduced by about 20% compared to the control, but this anomaly did not completely prevented. Also, calcium nitrate spray had a significant effect on Ca concentration in fruits. The highest concentration of Ca in whole fruit, fruit peel and inner skin (albedo) occurred in T5 and T6 treatments. Therefore, calcium nitrate spray is recommended at least 2 times (late May and mid- June) up to a maximum of 3 times (late May, mid- June and early July) in Satsuma mandarin Orchards. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Calcium, Citrus, Fruit peel, Physiological disorders | ||
مراجع | ||
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