تعداد نشریات | 161 |
تعداد شمارهها | 6,532 |
تعداد مقالات | 70,501 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 124,113,370 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 97,217,261 |
واکاوی کارآفرینی رسانهای در بستر شبکههای اجتماعی با رویکرد فراترکیب | ||
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی توسعه کارآفرینی | ||
مقاله 10، دوره 17، شماره 2، شهریور 1403، صفحه 211-239 اصل مقاله (1.36 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی- کیفی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jed.2023.361770.654229 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
پروا مجد1؛ داود نعمتی انارکی* 2؛ علی فائض3 | ||
1گروه مدیریت رسانه، دانشکده مدیریت ، واحد سمنان ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، سمنان، ایران | ||
2گروه ارتباطات، دانشکده ارتباطات و رسانه، دانشگاه صداوسیما، تهران، ایران | ||
3گروه مدیریت رسانه، دانشکده مدیریت ، واحد سمنان ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
هدف: ظهور شبکههای اجتماعی که منجر به تغییراتی در نحوه انجام فعالیتهای روزانه کارآفرینان شده است، با توجه به اهمیت شبکههای اجتماعی برای کارآفرینان و مزایایی که به آنها ارائه میدهد؛ کارآفرینی رسانهای به عنوان رویکردی عملی محسوب میشود که فعالیتهای آن حداقل یک نوآوری برای بازار کسبوکارهای رسانهای ایجاد کند. روش: روش پژوهش از منظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر پژوهشی، کیفی-فراترکیب است. پژوهش حاضر بر اساس الگوی هفت مرحلهای ساندلوسکی و باروسو به شیوة تحلیل تماتیک روی 85 پژوهش مرتبط با موضوع در پایگاههای علمی نورمگز، ایرانداک، مگیران، تیلور و فرانسیس، اشپرینگر، گوگل اسکولار، سیج، پایگاه مرکز اطلاعات علمی جهاد دانشگاهی، ساینس دایرکت، وایلی، امرالد به عنوان نمونة اولیه در بازة زمانی سالهای 1390 تا 1401 انجام شدند. پس از غربالگری، 24 مطالعه به روش نمونهگیری هدفمند انتخاب و نتایج با استفاده از نرمافزار مکسکیو دی ای 2020 با هم ترکیب شدند. یافتهها: نتایج فراترکیب به شناسایی 11 مقوله اصلی، 22 مفهوم و 110 شاخص منتهی شد که فرهنگ کارآفرینی، نوآوری زیرساختهای نوین رسانهای، سرمایه اجتماعی مجازی، مزیت رقابتی و تجاری پلتفرمهای اجتماعی، سازوکارهای شناسایی فرصت، مشکلات حقوقی و قانونی استقرار کارآفرینی رسانهای، سیاست دولتها و رفتار منابع انسانی، شیوة حکمرانی در پلتفرمهای اجتماعی و تقویت آموزش مخاطبان و ارتقای سطح آگاهی آنها به همراه همآفرینی ارزش از عناصر محوری مدل بودند. نتیجه: پژوهش حاضر مطابق با عناصر مدل، چارچوبی منسجم را برای کارآفرینی رسانهای در بستر شبکههای اجتماعی ارائه کرده است؛ با تمرکز روی ارتقاء سطح حکمرانی در پلتفرمهای اجتماعی، ایجاد سرمایه اجتماعی مجازی به واسطة اعتمادسازی و شبکهسازی در فضای رسانههای اجتماعی و نقش شبکههای معتبر کارآفرینی در بهبود اقتصادی و چرخه تولید، زیرساختهای ارتباطی و فنآوری به لحاظ پهنای باند و سرعت اینترنت و مراکز داده، شناسایی فرصتها و اولویتهای کارآفرینانه در صنعت رسانه، رفع چالشهای حقوقی- قانونی در اخذ مجوز، تشکیل و ثبت شرکت، وضعیت بوروکراسی و مقررات سرمایهگذاری، مهارتآموزی و نظام آموزش مهارتی نیروی انسانی مشغول در این حوزه، مزایای اقتصادی کارآفرینی در صنعت رسانه در درآمدزایی و خلق ثروت و همسویی فرهنگ کارآفرینی با نظام هنجاری جامعه و بومیسازی آن باعث میشود تا با شناخت مشتریان، شناخت محصولات رقیب، شناسایی و توجه به نیازهای بازار و مشتری، نیازسنجی از مخاطبان و احترام به سلایق مخاطبان، همآفرینی ارزش در بین بازیگران کارآفرینی رسانهای در بستر شبکههای اجتماعی اتفاق بیفتد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
کارآفرینی رسانهای؛ شبکههای اجتماعی؛ فراترکیب | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Analyzing media entrepreneurship in the context of social networks with a Meta-synthesis approach | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Parva Majd1؛ Davood Nemati Anaraki2؛ Ali Faez3 | ||
1PhD student of Media Management, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran | ||
2Associate Professor, Faculty of Communication and Media, irib University, Tehran, Iran | ||
3Assistant Professor, Department of Media Management, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Objective: The rise of social networks, which has led to changes in how entrepreneurs carry out their day-to-day activities and Due to the importance of social networks to entrepreneurs and the benefits it offers them; media entrepreneurship is considered as a practical approach whose activities create at least one innovation for the media business market. Method: The research method is considered applied in terms of the purpose in which a meta-synthetic approach based on documents has been used. The current research is based on the seven-step model of Sandelowski and Barroso in the way of thematic analysis on 85 researches related to the topic in scientific databases Emerald, Wiley, Science Direct, SID, Sage, Google Scholar, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Magiran, Iran.doc and Noormags were checked as a prototype in the period of 2011 to 2022. After screening, 21 studies were selected by purposive sampling and the results were combined using MAXQDA 2020 software. Results: The meta-synthesis results led to the identification of 11 main categories, 22 concepts and 110 indicators, which are entrepreneurial culture, innovation of new media infrastructures, virtual social capital, competitive and commercial advantage of social platforms, mechanisms for identifying opportunities, legal and legal problems of establishing media entrepreneurship, government policy and resource behavior. Humanity, governance style in social platforms and strengthening audience education and raising their level of awareness along with value co-creation were the core elements of the model. Conclusion: According to the elements of the model, the current research has presented a coherent framework for media entrepreneurship in the context of social networks; By improving the level of governance in social platforms and creating virtual social capital through trust building and networking in the space of social media and the role of authentic entrepreneurial networks in economic improvement and the production cycle, it is possible to rely on the qualitative and quantitative level of communication infrastructure and technology to considering the bandwidth and speed of the internet and data centers and identifying entrepreneurial opportunities and priorities in the media industry, solving law-legal challenges in obtaining licenses, forming and registering companies, the state of bureaucracy and investment regulations, and in connection with these axes, skill training and the skill training system of the human force engaged in this field, the economic benefits of entrepreneurship in the media industry in generating income and creating wealth, created the necessary alignment with the entrepreneurial culture, the normative system of the society and its localization. These parameters make it possible to co-create value among media entrepreneurship players in the context of social networks by knowing the customers, knowing the competing products, identifying and paying attention to the needs of the market and customers, assessing the needs of the audience and respecting the tastes of the audience. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Media entrepreneurship, social networks, meta-synthesis | ||
مراجع | ||
Achtenhagen, L. (2008). Understanding entrepreneurship in traditional media. Journal of Media Business Studies, 5(1), 123-142. DOI:10.1080/16522354.2008.11073463
Achtenhagen, L. (2017). Media entrepreneurship—Taking stock and moving forward. International Journal on Media Management, 19(1), 1-10. DOI:10.1080/14241277.2017.1298941
Aghamohseni, V., Esfidani, M., Sharifi, S. M., & Abbasian, E. (2020). Social media marketing strategies in media organizations. Global Media Journal-Persian Edition, 14(2), 1-21. DOI:10.22059/GMJ.2020.76658 [In Persian]
Bamshad, V., Talebi, K., Yazdani, H., & Arasti, Z. (2021). A Systematic Mapping Review and analysis of cognitive science in Opportunity Identification Literature: 1994-2018. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 14(1), 1-19. DOI:10.22059/JED.2021.316709.653558 [In Persian]
Berthod, O., Huyskens, C., & Loebbecke, C. (2007). New media entrepreneurship: success drivers of user-community-driven internet ventures. In JOMBS Workshop, 23, 1-23. https://www.proquest.com /openview/a3437440416c756df4be04090f57b845/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=49244
Birch, D. L. (1987). Job Creation in America: How our smallest companies put the most people to work. Free Press, New York.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101. DOI:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Brown, B., & Butler, J. E. (1995). Competitors as allies: a study of entrepreneurial networks in the US wine industry. Journal of small business management, 33(3), 57-66. https://www.proquest.com/ openview/a3437440416c756df4be04090f57b845/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=49244
Carland, J.A., Carland, J.W., & Stewart, W.H. (1996). Seeing what’s not there: The enigma of entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business Strategy 7(1), 1-20. https://libjournals. mtsu.edu/ index.php/jsbs/article/view/326
Colabi, A. M. (2021). Designing an Entrepreneurial Strategic Renewal Model in Media organizations. Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Communication and Media, 4(13),145-123. DOI:10.22085/jiscm.2021.137533 [In Persian]
Compaine, B., & Hoag, A. (2012). Factors supporting and hindering new entry in media markets: A study of media entrepreneurs. International Journal on Media Management, 14(1), 27-49.
Dal Zotto, C., & Omidi, A. (2020). Platformization of media entrepreneurship: A conceptual development. Nordic Journal of Media Management, 1(2), 209-233.
DOI:10.5278/njmm. 2597-0445.5234
Drucker, P. F. (1985). Innovation and entrepreneurship practice and principles. Harper and Row. New York.
Ebrahimi, P., Ahmadi, M., Gholampour, A., & Alipour, H. (2021). CRM performance and development of media entrepreneurship in digital, social media and mobile commerce. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 16(1), 25-50. DOI:10.1108/IJOEM-11-2018-0588
Emami, A., & Khajeheian, D. (2018). Social norms and entrepreneurial action: the mediating role of opportunity confidence. Sustainability, 11(1), 158, 1-18. DOI:10.3390/su11010158
Ferrier, M. B. (2013). Media entrepreneurship: Curriculum development and faculty perceptions of what students should know. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 68(3), 222-241. DOI:10.1177/1077695813494833
Gaudin, S. (2011). Twitter, Facebook become lifelines after Japan Quake. Computerworld, 11.
Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American journal of sociology, 78(6), 1360-1380. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/225469
Hang, M., & Van Weezel, A. (2007). Media and entrepreneurship: What do we know and where should we go? Journal of Media Business Studies, 4(1), 51-70. DOI: 10.1080/ 16522354. 2007. 11073446
Hansen, D., Shneiderman, B., & Smith, M. A. (2011). Analyzing social media networks with NodeXL: Insights from a connected world. Morgan Kaufmann.
Henrekson, M., & Sanandaji, T. (2020). Measuring entrepreneurship: Do established metrics capture Schumpeterian entrepreneurship? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 44(4), 733-760. DOI:10.1177/104225871984450
Hindle, K., & Klyver, K. (2007). Exploring the relationship between media coverage and participation in entrepreneurship: Initial global evidence and research implications. International entrepreneurship and management journal, 3(2), 217-242. DOI:10.1007/s11365-006-0018-8
Hoag, A. (2008). Measuring media entrepreneurship. The International Journal on Media Management, 10(2), 74-80. DOI:10.1080/14241270802000496
Hoag, A., & Compaine, B. (2006). Media entrepreneurship in the era of big media: Prospects for new entrants. Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 26(19), 6, 1-15. http://digitalknowledge.babson. edu/fer/vol26/iss19/2
Hoag, A., & Seo, S. (2005). Media entrepreneurship: Definition, theory and context. In NCTA Academic Seminar, San Francisco (Vol. 2).
Hoon, C. (2013). Meta-synthesis of qualitative case studies: An approach to theory building. Organizational research methods, 16(4), 522-556. DOI:10.1177/10944281134849 69
Hossain, S. F. A. (2019). Social networking and its role in media entrepreneurship: Evaluating the use of mobile phones in the context of online shopping–A review. Journal of Media Management and Entrepreneurship (JMME), 1(1), 73-86. DOI:10.4018/JMME.2019010105
Hosseinifar, A. (2016). The impact of social networks on the development of digital entrepreneurship (case study: Knowledge-based companies located in the Science and Technology Park of Kerman province). Master's thesis in the field of information technology management, e-business, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Iran. [In Persian]
Imani, A., Hosseinifar, A., & Ahang, F. (2018). Impact of Social Networks on Digital Entrepreneurship with the Role of Mediating Opportunity Recognition (Case Study: Knowledge Base Companies at Technology and Science Park in Kerman). Public Management Researches, 11(41), 287-312. DOI:10.22111/JMR.2018.4460 [In Persian]
Karimian, Z. (2013). Pathology of media entrepreneurship in television advertising with an emphasis on child and adolescent advertising. Master's Thesis of Media Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran. [In Persian]
Khajeheian, D. (2013). New venture creation in social media platform; Towards a framework for media entrepreneurship. In Handbook of social media management (pp. 125-142). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Khajeheian, D. (2014). A perspective on media entrepreneurship policy: Globalization of knowledge and the opportunities for developing economies. Journal of Globalization Studies, 5(2), 174-187. http://www.sociostudies.org/journal/articles/254616/
Khajeheian, D. (2017). Media entrepreneurship: A consensual definition. AD-minister, (30), 91-113. DOI:10.17230/ad-minister.30.5
Khajeheian, D., & Tadayoni, R. (2016). User innovation in public service broadcasts: creating public value by media entrepreneurship. International Journal of Technology Transfer and Commercialisation, 14(2), 117-131. DOI:10.1504/IJTTC.2016.081635
Khalafi, A., Khajeheian, D., & Badizadeh, A. (2019). Media Entrepreneurship in Industrial Organizations: Customer Clubs as Audience Engagement Platforms. Media studies, 14(44), 59-69. https://mediastudies.srbiau.ac.ir/article_14512_en.html?lang=fa [In Persian]
King, N. and Horrocks, C. (2010). Interviews in qualitative research. Sage, London.
Kleinhempel, J., Beugelsdijk, S., & Klasing, M. J. (2022). The changing role of social capital during the venture creation process: A multilevel study. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 46(2), 297-330. DOI:10.1177/1042258720913022
Leibenstein, H. (1968). Entrepreneurship and development. The American Economic Review, 58(2), 72-83. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1831799
Mohammadi-Elyasi, Gh., Rokni, N., & Tayyebi, S.K. (2019). The role of social networks in identifying entrepreneurial opportunities. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 3(11), 26-7. https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_22785.html [In Persian]
Mostafiz, I., & Goh, S. K. (2018). International women entrepreneurs and international opportunity recognition skills for start-up ventures. Journal for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development (JIBED), 11(3), 201-220. DOI:10.1504/JIBED.2018.095171
Mozzayeni, M.S. (2016). The role of intermediary companies (facilitator) in media entrepreneurship. master's thesis in media management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran. [In Persian]
Nakara, W. A., Benmoussa, F. Z., & Jaouen, A. (2012). Entrepreneurship and social media marketing: evidence from French small business. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 16(4), 386-405. DOI:10.1504/IJESB.2012.047608
Navaei, R. (2019). Media Entrepreneurship, Tehran: Mehkame Publishing. [In Persian]
Niknejad, A., Moghimi, S.M., & Roshandel Arbatani, T. (2012). Identifying the model of media entrepreneurship for digital businesses in the country. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 4(15), 65-83. [In Persian]
Nistor, A., & Coca, D. (2021). Media entrepreneurship–a bibliometric analysis. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence, 15(1), 591-600. DOI:10.2478/picbe-2021-0055
Oghbaee, M., Karimi, A., & Labafi, S. (2022). Recognition and prioritizing entrepreneurial opportunities in the field of media startups. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 15(2), 283-299. DOI:10.22059/JED.2022.310680.653463 [In Persian]
Ordibehesht, M.M. (2018). Presenting a model of media entrepreneurship for businesses based on skill training. Doctoral dissertation in media management, Alborz Campus, Tehran. [In Persian]
Park, J. Y., Sung, C. S., & Im, I. (2017). Does Social Media Use Influence Entrepreneurial Opportunity? A Review of its Moderating Role. Sustainability, 9(9), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9091593
Ratten, V. (2019). Entrepreneurship and the community: A multidisciplinary perspective on creativity, social challenges, and business. Springer Nature.
Rauch, A., Van Doorn, R., & Hulsink, W. (2014). A qualitative approach to evidence–based entrepreneurship: Theoretical considerations and an example involving business clusters. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(2), 333-368. DOI:10.1111/etap.12093
Roshandel Arbatani, T., Moghimi, S. M., Minavand, M. G., & Khajeheian, D. (2012). Commercialization of media entrepreneurs' digital innovations. Journal of Business Management, 4(1), 71-88. DOI:10.22059/JIBM.2012.28614
Roshandel-Arbatani, T., & Taheri, A. (2016). Presenting the government support model for media entrepreneurship in Iran. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 10(4), 615-634. DOI:10.22059/JED.2018.250682.652463 [In Persian]
Roshandel-Arbatani, T., Kawamorita, H., Ghanbary, S., & Ebrahimi, P. (2019). Modelling media entrepreneurship in social media: SEM and MLP-ANN Approach. AD-minister, (34), 35-57. DOI:10.17230/Ad-minister.34.2
Sakhdari, K. (2020). A framework for measurability of “opportunity” construct in entrepreneurship studies using the meta-synthesis approach. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 13(2), 235-254. DOI:10.22059/JED.2020.302898.653356 [In Persian]
Salamzadeh, A., & Tajpour, M. (2021). Identification of the challenges of media startup creation in Iran. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 13(4), 561-580. DOI:10.22059/JED.2020. 307214.653424 [In Persian]
Salamzadeh, A., Radovic Markovic, M., & Masjed, S. M. (2019). The effect of media convergence on exploitation of entrepreneurial opportunities. AD-minister, (34), 59-76.
Salavatian, S., & Asgarzadeh, S. M. (2021). Factors Affecting the Entry of Iranian Media Companies into the Social Network Market. Journal of Business Management, 13(2), 524-545. DOI:10.22059/JIBM.2021.314195.3997 [In Persian]
Sánchez-Tabernero, A., Villanueva, J., & Orihuela, J. L. (2013). Social networks as marketing tools for media companies. In Handbook of social media management (pp. 161-178). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Sandelowski, M., & Barroso, J. (2006). Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. springer publishing company.
Santas, T., & Francis, A. (2022). Reducing Youth Unemployment in Nigeria through Media Entrepreneurship. sau journal of management and social sciences, 1(1), 173-183. https://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7772&context=utk_graddiss
Shane, S. (2000). Prior knowledge and the discovery of entrepreneurial opportunities. Organization science, 11(4), 448-469. DOI:10.1287/orsc.11.4.448.14602
Shen, C. W., & Ho, J. T. (2018). Public opinion toward social business from a social media perspective. In International Conference on Data Mining and Big Data (pp. 555-562). Springer, Cham.
Sindik, A., & Graybeal, G. M. (2017). Media entrepreneurship programs: Emerging isomorphic patterns. International Journal on Media Management, 19(1), 55-76.
Stevenson, H. H., & Jarillo, J. C. (2007). A paradigm of entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial management. In Entrepreneurship (pp. 155-170). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Sukumar, A., Jafari-Sadeghi, V., & Xu, Z. (2021). The influences of social media on Chinese start-up stage entrepreneurship. World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 17(5), 559-578. DOI:10.1504/WREMSD.2021.117442.
Taheri-Attar, Gh., Pouranjanar, Gh., & Namdarjooimi, E. (2019). The role of the entrepreneur's network ability in discovering entrepreneurial opportunities (active entrepreneurial social networks on Instagram and Telegram). Quarterly Journal of Development Strategy, 16(1), 269-240. http://www.rahbord-mag.ir/Article/13990411238073 [In Persian]
Viera, A. J., & Garrett, J. M. (2005). Understanding interobserver agreement: the kappa statistic. Fam med, 37(5), 360-363. https://europepmc.org/article/med/15883903.
Virta, S., & Malmelin, N. (2017). Ambidextrous tensions: Dynamics of creative work in the media innovation process. The Journal of Media Innovations, 4(1), 44-59. DOI:10.5617/jmi.v4i1. 2410
Vivarelli, M. (2013). Is entrepreneurship necessarily good? Microeconomic evidence from developed and developing countries. Industrial and corporate change, 22(6), 1453-1495. DOI: 10.1093/ icc/dtt005
Wu, B., & Knott, A. M. (2006). Entrepreneurial risk and market entry. Management science, 52(9), 1315-1330. DOI:10.1287/mnsc.1050.0543
Zahra, S.A. & Wright, M. (2011). Entrepreneurship’s next act. Academy of Management Perspectives, 25(4), 67–83. DOI: 10.5465/amp.2010.0149
| ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 225 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 217 |